Electric Charge

Electric Charge:

Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter. It is a physical property that describes the amount of electrical energy present in an object or particle. Electric charge can be either positive or negative, and it is measured in units called Coulombs. The presence of electric charge is what creates electric fields, and the interaction of charged particles is what produces electrical phenomena like electricity and magnetism.

The quantity of electric charge of an electron is exactly equal to that of a proton but in opposite in nature. So, excess of electrons in a body of matter is called electric charge.

Formula

Q = I.t

Types of Current Electricity:

There are two types of current electricity: -

• Direct Current (DC)

• Alternating Current (AC)

Direct Current:

In direct current (DC), the electric charge (current) only flows in one direction. Direct current is defined by the constant flow of electrons from a region of high electron density to a region of low electron density. DC is used in many household appliances and applications that involve a battery.

Alternating Current:

Alternating current (AC) is a type of electrical current, in which the direction of the flow of electrons switches back and forth at regular intervals or cycles.